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- <text id=89TT2341>
- <title>
- Sep. 11, 1989: Postcards From A Distant World
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- Sep. 11, 1989 The Lonely War:Drugs
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- SPACE, Page 65
- Postcards from a Distant World
- </hdr><body>
- <p>Mysteries deepen as data pour in from Neptune and its icy moon
- </p>
- <p> The Voyager 2 spacecraft last week swiveled its scanning
- platform, looked over a metallic shoulder and opened the
- shutter of its narrow-angle camera for one lingering goodbye
- picture of Neptune and its icy moon, Triton. The resulting photo
- showed a pair of lovely, pale white crescents reflecting off the
- most distant planet and a moon that is the coldest known object
- in the solar system.
- </p>
- <p> After that farewell, Voyager turned its back on Neptune and
- began an estimated 23-year trip toward the heliopause, the
- point where the solar wind dies down and interstellar space
- begins. But already, as Edward Stone, the Voyager mission's
- chief scientist, put it, "this has been the journey of a
- lifetime."
- </p>
- <p> There was little leisure for sentiment last week, as
- scientists rushed to sort through the mountain of data still
- pouring in from Voyager's close encounter with Neptune. Only a
- fraction of the photographs snapped during the flyby have been
- processed, and the bulk of the radio signals -- some 992 lbs.
- of magnetic tape -- is only now being shipped from tracking
- stations to NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif.
- </p>
- <p> As in Voyager's close encounters with other planets,
- surprises and puzzles abound. Neptune's Great Dark Spot, roughly
- the size of earth, is perhaps its biggest mystery. One series
- of images showed the spot revolving around the planet every 18.3
- hours like a twirling glob of pizza dough. Some astronomers
- think it is an ocean; others, a giant gaseous storm soaring high
- above the planet.
- </p>
- <p> The number of rings circling Neptune seemed to change from
- day to day. At last count there was one broad sheet of dust and
- three thin rings, one of them dotted at one spot with clumps of
- material arrayed like sausage links. Closer to the planet's
- surface, Voyager spotted thin wisps of cirrus clouds clinging
- to the Great Dark Spot. These resembled misty clouds hugging a
- Swiss Alp in a high wind.
- </p>
- <p> Outside the rings, Voyager's radio antennas picked up the
- crackle of a magnetic field tilted a rakish 50 degrees from the
- planet's axis of rotation and shifted mysteriously off-center.
- Scientists speculate that the dynamo generating the magnetic
- disturbance is not a deep central core, like the earth's, but
- a spherical shell of liquid located near the surface of the
- planet.
- </p>
- <p> The real star of Voyager's last picture show, though, was
- Triton, the largest and strangest of Neptune's eight moons.
- Images pieced together last week revealed in detail a complex
- and dynamic body. Parts of Triton's surface are glazed brightly
- with pinkish ice, while others are pockmarked like a ripened
- cantaloupe. Using 3-D imaging computers to zoom in for a closer
- look, scientists saw steep mountains and rugged cliffs, deep
- pools of dark, oozing material and vast oceans of slush.
- </p>
- <p> Struggling to make sense of the bizarre landscape, Laurence
- Soderblom of the U.S. Geological Survey put forward a "crazy
- idea" that was just wild enough to ring true. The key to
- Triton's strange geology may be the kind of volcanic activity
- that takes place when surface temperatures reach -400 degrees
- F. At that temperature, gaseous nitrogen would freeze as hard
- as rock. But 60 ft. to 100 ft. below the surface, tidal
- pressures could transform the solid nitrogen into a viscous
- fluid that could rise through faults and erupt explosively at
- the surface, spewing gas and icy debris 20 miles into the air.
- If true, Soderblom's theory would make Triton only the third
- celestial body known to have active volcanoes -- after earth and
- Jupiter's moon Io.
- </p>
- <p> Its grand tour of four planets complete, Voyager 2, like
- its sister craft Voyager 1, followed a trajectory beyond the
- solar system. If all goes well, the aging robot should reach
- the heliopause before its fuel runs out and its instruments
- fall silent, around the year 2012. But even then it will drift
- on, approaching Barnard's star in 6,500 years and passing
- Sirius, the brightest star visible from earth, in 296036.
- Searching for words to close the final Voyager 2 press
- conference, mission chief Stone chose lines from T.S. Eliot:
- </p>
- <qt> <l>Not fare well,</l>
- <l>But fare forward, voyagers.</l>
- </qt>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
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